117 lines
3 KiB
Markdown
117 lines
3 KiB
Markdown
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# Leetcode Two-Sum-IV-Input-Is-a-BST
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#### 2022-07-08 11:11
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> ##### Algorithms:
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> #algorithm #binary_search #BFS
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> ##### Data structures:
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> #DS #binary_tree #binary_search_tree
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> ##### Difficulty:
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> #coding_problem #difficulty-easy
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> ##### Additional tags:
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> #leetcode
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> ##### Revisions:
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> N/A
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##### Related topics:
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```expander
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tag:#BFS OR tag:#binary_search
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```
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- [[Binary Search Algorithm]]
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- [[Leetcode Binary-Tree-Level-Order-Traversal]]
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- [[Leetcode Maximum-Depth-Of-Binary-Tree]]
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- [[Leetcode Search-a-2D-Matrix]]
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- [[Leetcode Search-In-a-Binary-Tree]]
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- [[Leetcode Symmetric-Tree]]
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##### Links:
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- [Link to problem](https://leetcode.com/problems/two-sum-iv-input-is-a-bst/)
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- [Three method to solve this](https://leetcode.com/problems/two-sum-iv-input-is-a-bst/discuss/106059/JavaC%2B%2B-Three-simple-methods-choose-one-you-like)
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___
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### Problem
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Given the `root` of a Binary Search Tree and a target number `k`, return _`true` if there exist two elements in the BST such that their sum is equal to the given target_.
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#### Examples
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**Example 1:**
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**Input:** root = [5,3,6,2,4,null,7], k = 9
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**Output:** true
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**Example 2:**
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**Input:** root = [5,3,6,2,4,null,7], k = 28
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**Output:** false
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#### Constraints
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- The number of nodes in the tree is in the range `[1, 104]`.
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- `-104 <= Node.val <= 104`
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- `root` is guaranteed to be a **valid** binary search tree.
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- `-105 <= k <= 105`
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### Thoughts
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> [!summary]
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> This is a #BFS #hash_table problem.
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Mainly two methods:
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1. #BFS with hash table. Time space O(n)
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This can be quicker since you are starting at the middle, which is more likely to hit the answer, theoretically taking less time.
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2. #binary_search. Time O(hn), h is the height of BST, best case h == log(n), worst case h == n
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for every node, binary search in the tree for the answer.
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### Solution
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BFS with hash table
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```cpp
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/**
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* Definition for a binary tree node.
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* struct TreeNode {
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* int val;
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* TreeNode *left;
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* TreeNode *right;
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* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
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* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
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* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
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* };
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*/
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class Solution {
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public:
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bool findTarget(TreeNode* root, int k) {
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// BFS with unordered_set
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// Take note: when to push root, when to push root->left and root->right
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unordered_set<int> uset;
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queue<TreeNode*> pending;
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pending.push(root);
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TreeNode* ptr;
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while(!pending.empty()) {
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ptr = pending.front();
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pending.pop();
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// find first, to avoid k = 10, val = 5
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if (uset.find(ptr->val) != uset.end()) {
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return true;
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}
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uset.insert(k - ptr->val);
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if (ptr->left) {
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pending.push(ptr->left);
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}
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if (ptr->right) {
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pending.push(ptr->right);
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}
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}
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return false;
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}
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};
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```
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