diff --git a/pages/总复习2023t1.md b/pages/总复习2023t1.md index 51ba6df..15e58da 100644 --- a/pages/总复习2023t1.md +++ b/pages/总复习2023t1.md @@ -1006,29 +1006,30 @@ - The instances of a potential subclass participate in a relationship unique to that subclass. - DONE Block 3 - DONE DB transaction management - - anomalies - - DONE ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability): A set of properties that guarantee the reliability and integrity of database transactions. #flashcard - - Atomicity: :-> The property that ensures a transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. It either executes all its operations successfully or rolls back to the initial state if any operation fails. - - Consistency: :-> The property that ensures a transaction transforms the database from one consistent state to another consistent state. It maintains data integrity and adheres to defined business rules. - - Isolation: :-> The property that ensures concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other. Each transaction operates in isolation until it completes, preventing interference or conflicts. - - Durability: :-> The property that ensures committed changes made by a transaction are permanently saved and will survive any subsequent system failures or crashes. - - DONE Concurrency control - - DONE Meaning of serialisability. - - DONE How locking can ensure serialisability. - - Locking achieves serializability by using locks to control access to - shared resources (e.g., database objects like tables or rows) and - prevent conflicts between concurrent transactions. - - DONE 2PL - - In the 2PL protocol, transactions acquire and release locks on database - objects (e.g., tables, rows) in two distinct phases: the growing phase - and the shrinking phase. - - DONE Deadlock and how it can be resolved. + - LATER anomalies + - DONE Deadlock and how it can be resolved. #flashcard - A deadlock is a situation in which two or more transactions are unable to proceed because each is waiting for a resource held by the other, resulting in a circular dependency and a system halt. It is a form of resource contention that can occur in concurrent systems, including database management systems. - - DONE How timestamping can ensure serialisability. + - DONE ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability): A set of properties that guarantee the reliability and integrity of database transactions. #flashcard + collapsed:: true + - Atomicity: :-> The property that ensures a transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. It either executes all its operations successfully or rolls back to the initial state if any operation fails. + - Consistency: :-> The property that ensures a transaction transforms the database from one consistent state to another consistent state. It maintains data integrity and adheres to defined business rules. + - Isolation: :-> The property that ensures concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other. Each transaction operates in isolation until it completes, preventing interference or conflicts. + - Durability: :-> The property that ensures committed changes made by a transaction are permanently saved and will survive any subsequent system failures or crashes. + - DONE Concurrency control + - LATER Meaning of serialisability. + - DONE How locking can ensure serialisability. #flashcard + - Locking achieves serializability by using locks to control access to + shared resources (e.g., database objects like tables or rows) and + prevent conflicts between concurrent transactions. + - DONE 2PL #flashcard + - In the 2PL protocol, transactions acquire and release locks on database + objects (e.g., tables, rows) in two distinct phases: the growing phase + and the shrinking phase. + - DONE How timestamping can ensure serialisability. #flashcard - By using transaction timestamps and enforcing the read and write validation checks, concurrency control mechanisms can ensure that transactions are executed in a way that maintains data consistency and @@ -1049,7 +1050,7 @@ - Checkpoint records. - Often used for other purposes (for example, auditing). - For autiding - - DONE Purpose of checkpointing. + - DONE Purpose of checkpointing. #flashcard - When failure occurs, redo all transactions that committed since the checkpoint and undo all transactions active at time of crash.